Florida State University 2008-2009 General Bulletin Undergraduate Edition

Department of Biological Science

College of Arts and Sciences

Chair: Timothy S. Moerland; Associate Chair (Graduate Studies): Bates; Associate Chair (Undergraduate Studies): Reeves; Associate Chair (Curriculum Development): Epstein; Professors: Abele, Bates, Chase, Ellington, Fajer, Freeman, Gaffney, Gilbert, Levitan, Meredith, Miller, Moerland, Outlaw, Roberts, Roux, Taylor, Travis, Tschinkel; Associate Professors: Bass, Epstein, Erickson, D. Fadool, J. Fadool, Houle, Houpt, L. Keller, T. Keller, Naylor, Reeves, Steppan, Trombley, Winn; Assistant Professors: Beerli, Deng, Hansen, Inouye, Mast, Tang, Underwood, Wulff, Yu, Zhu; Professors Emeriti: Anderson, Caspar, DeBusk, deKloet, Easton, Elam, Elliott, Friedmann, Heard, Herrnkind, Hofer, Homann, James, Livingston, Mariscal, Quadango, Roeder, Short

The Department of Biological Science offers an undergraduate major in biological science that includes programs of study in most contemporary areas of biology. Specific academic concentrations within the major include cell and molecular biology; ecology, evolution, and environmental biology; marine biology; physiology and neuroscience; invertebrate and vertebrate zoology; plant sciences; and pre-professional health sciences. The requirements for the baccalaureate degree in biological science include most prerequisite courses necessary for admission to medical, dental, optometry, veterinary, osteopathic, chiropractic, and other allied health professional schools.

The department also offers a major in computational biology in conjunction with the Computer Science Department. The purpose of this interdisciplinary major is to provide a top-notch educational program for students interested in the areas of computational biology and bioinformatics. The program seeks to achieve two goals: 1) to develop an understanding of the issues associated with developing biologically meaningful computational models, and 2) to give students the broad-based education that is needed to create a set of models directed toward solving a practical biomedical problem.

In addition, students interested in marine science may obtain a special certificate in marine biology and living resource ecology.

Computer Skills Competency

All undergraduates at Florida State University must demonstrate basic computer skills competency prior to graduation. As necessary computer competency skills vary from discipline to discipline, each major determines the courses needed to satisfy this requirement. Undergraduate majors in biological science satisfy this requirement by earning a grade of "C–" or higher in BSC 2010L. Those majoring in computational biology fulfill the requirement by completing COP 4530 with a grade of "C–" or higher.

State of Florida Common Program Prerequisites

The State of Florida has identified common course prerequisites for this University degree program. These prerequisites are lower-level courses that are required for preparation for the University major prior to a student receiving a baccalaureate degree from Florida State University. They may be taken either at a community college or in a university lower-division program. It is preferred that these common course prerequisites be completed in the freshman and sophomore years.

The following lists the common course prerequisites or approved substitutions necessary for this degree program:

  1. BSC X010/X010L or BSC X010C*
  2. BSC X011/X011L or BSC X011C*
  3. CHM X045/X045L or CHM X045C
  4. CHM X046/X046L or CHM X046C
  5. CHM X210/X210L or CHM X210C*
  6. CHM X211/X211L or CHM X211C*
  7. MAC X311*
  8. MAC X312*

Note: Courses marked with an asterisk (*) have at least one acceptable substitute. Please visit http://facts23.facts.org/cpp/transition/alpha_index_2008.htm for a current list of approved substitutes.

Requirements for a Major in Biological Science

Please review all college-wide degree requirements summarized in the "College of Arts and Sciences" chapter of this General Bulletin.

  1. Prerequisites for Upper-Division Biological Science Courses Registration in all 3000- and 4000-level biological science courses is allowed only after meeting the following criteria.
    1. Satisfactory completion ("C–" or better) of BSC 2010/L (Biological Science I with lab) and BSC 2011/L (Biological Science II with lab)
    2. Satisfactory completion ("C–" or better) of CHM 1045/L and CHM 1046/L or CHM 1050/L and CHM 1051/L (General Chemistry I and II with labs)
    3. A minimum combined 2.0 GPA in all biology, chemistry, physics, mathematics, and statistics courses, and their prerequisites, that are applicable to the major, from any institution attended
  2. Academic Performance
    1. All courses applicable to the major, including biological science, chemistry, physics, mathematics, and statistics must be completed with a grade of "C–" or better
    2. A student who has earned more than five unsatisfactory grades (U, F, D–, D, D+) in courses required for the major in biological science (biological science, chemistry, physics, mathematics, and statistics) and their prerequisites at Florida State University or elsewhere, whether or not repeated, will not be permitted to graduate from Florida State University with a degree in biological science
    3. Designation, continuation, and graduation as a biological science major requires a minimum combined 2.0 GPA in all courses taken for the major from any institution, including biology, chemistry, physics, mathematics, and statistics, and their prerequisites
    4. A biological science major who applies for readmission to the college must meet the biological science degree requirements of the catalog in force on the date of readmission
  3. Co-op and Transient Study. Florida State University biological science majors who intend to take courses for the major (biological science, chemistry, physics, mathematics, statistics) at other institutions must receive approval from the Department of Biological Science Academic Advising Office prior to enrollment. This policy applies to courses taken as part of the FAMU–FSU and TCC—FSU co-op programs, as well as courses taken elsewhere.
  4. Required Courses in Biological Science. Thirty-eight (38) semester hours of biological science course work are required for the degree. At least twenty (20) of the required semester hours must be taken in residence at Florida State University. The following shall be included in the thirty-eight (38) semester hours:
    1. Nine (9) semester hours (prerequisite to all major course work in biology): BSC 2010/2010L, 2011/2011L
    2. PCB 3063 General Genetics (3)
    3. BOT 3015 Plant Biology (2)
    4. BSC 3402L Experimental Biology Laboratory (2)
    5. PCB 4674 Evolution (3)
    6. At least one course from two of the three areas:
      1. Area I: Cell and Molecular Biology
        1. MCB 4403, 4403L Prokaryotic Biology and Laboratory (3,2)
        2. PCB 3134 Cell Structure and Function (3)
        3. PCB 4024 Molecular Biology (3)
        4. PCB 4253 Animal Development (3)
      2. Area II: Physiology
        1. BOT 4503 Plant Physiology (3)
        2. PCB 3743 Vertebrate Physiology (3)
        3. PCB 4723 General and Comparative Animal Physiology (3)
      3. Area III: Ecology and Environmental Science
        1. BSC 3052 Conservation Biology (3)
        2. PCB 3043 General Ecology (3)
        3. ZOO 4513 Animal Behavior (4)
    7. Additional courses for major credit at the 3000- or 4000-level to complete the thirty-eight (38) semester hour requirement. No more than six (6) semester hours of honors work in biological science (BSC 4970r), six (6) semester hours of directed individual study (BSC 4900r), one (1) semester hour of undergraduate supervised teaching (BSC 4945), and two (2) semester hours of senior tutorial (BSC 4931) can be used to meet the thirty-eight (38) hour requirement
    8. Completion of at least five biology laboratory/field courses (the letter "C" listed after the course number indicates that the course is a lecture and a lab/field combined, and the letter "L" indicates the course is a laboratory or field course)
  5. Required Courses in Collateral Areas
    1. General Chemistry: Two semesters of general chemistry with laboratory equivalent to CHM 1045/L plus CHM 1046/L or CHM 1050/L plus CHM 1051/L
    2. Organic Chemistry: Two semesters of organic chemistry equivalent to CHM 2210 and 2211. Many health professions programs also require CHM 2211L (Organic Chemistry II Laboratory), BCH 4053 (General Biochemistry I), and BCH 4054 (General Biochemistry II), which do not apply to the major
    3. Mathematics/Statistics: Either two semesters of calculus with analytical geometry equivalent to MAC 2311 and 2312 or MAC 2311, plus one semester of statistics for biology (STA 2171). One (1) semester hour of bio-calculus laboratory (MAP 2480) also is required
    4. Physics: Two semesters of general physics with laboratories equivalent to PHY 2048C and 2049C (prerequisite of MAC 2311) or two semesters of college physics with laboratories equivalent to PHY 2053C and 2054C (prerequisites are MAC 1114 and MAC 1140)
  6. Exit Interview: All seniors must complete an exit interview in the semester they plan to graduate. For details, contact an adviser in the Biological Science Academic Advising Office.
  7. Minor. The required collateral courses in chemistry constitute a chemistry minor and fulfill the College of Arts and Sciences requirement for a minor; however, the student may select other minors in consultation with an adviser.

Requirements for a Major in Computational Biology

Please review all college-wide degree requirements summarized in the "College of Arts and Sciences" chapter of this General Bulletin. The common program prerequisites are currently being determined. Lower-division students should complete the 1000 and 2000-level science and calculus courses listed below.

  1. Biological Science (eighteen [18] hours)
    1. BSC 2010 Biological Science I (3)
    2. BSC 2011 Biological Science II (3)
    3. PCB 3063 General Genetics (3)
    4. PCB 4674 Evolution (3)
    5. plus six (6) hours of biological science elective credit chosen from:
      1. BOT 4394 Plant Molecular Biology (3)
      2. BSC 2010L Biological Science I Laboratory (1)
      3. BSC 2011L Biological Science II Laboratory (1)
      4. BSC 4613 Systematics (3)
      5. MCB 4403 Prokaryotic Biology (3)
      6. MCB 4403L Prokaryotic Biology Laboratory (2)
      7. PCB 3134 Cell Structure and Function (3)
      8. PCB 3743 Vertebrate Physiology (3)
      9. PCB 4024 Molecular Biology (3)
      10. PCB 4233 Immunology (3)
      11. PCB 4253 Animal Biology (3)
      12. PCB 4843 Fundamentals of Neuroscience (3)
  2. Computer Science (sixteen [16] hours)
    1. CDA 3100 Computer Organization I (3)
    2. COP 3014 Programming I (3)
    3. COP 3330 Object Oriented Programming (3)
    4. COP 3344 Introduction to UNIX (1)
    5. COP 4530 Data Structures, Algorithms and Generic Programming (3)
    6. plus three (3) hours of computer science elective credit chosen from:
      1. CDA 3101 Computer Organization II (3)
      2. COP 4531 Complexity and Analysis of Data Structures and Algorithms (3)
      3. COP 4710 Theory and Structure of Databases (3)
      4. COT 4420 Theory of Computation (3)
  3. Computational Science (six [6] hours)
    1. BSC 4933r Selected Topics in Biological Science (3)
    2. CIS 4930r Special Topics in Computer Science (3)
  4. Mathematics/Statistics (fifteen [15] hours)
    1. MAC 2311 Calculus with Analytic Geometry I (4)
    2. MAC 2312 Calculus with Analytic Geometry II (4)
    3. MAD 2104 Discrete Mathematics I (3)
    4. STA 2171 Statistics for Biology (4)
  5. Physics (eight [8] or ten [10] hours)
    1. PHY 2048C General Physics A (5)
      1. Or
    2. PHY 2053C College Physics A (4)
      1. And
    3. PHY 2049C General Physics B (5)
      1. Or
    4. PHY 2054C College Physics B (4)
  6. Chemistry (eight [8] hours)
    1. CHM 1045 General Chemistry I (3)
    2. CHM 1045L General Chemistry I Laboratory (1)
    3. CHM 1046 General Chemistry II (3)
    4. CHM 1046L General Chemistry II Laboratory (1)

Note: All courses applicable to the major must be completed with a grade of "C–" or better.

Marine Biology Certificate Program in Living Marine Resource Ecology (Upper Division Only)

A Certificate Program in Marine Biology and Living Marine Resource Ecology provides interested students with both a challenging academic program and substantive hands-on experiences in the field. The program prepares students to pursue professional careers in the application of ecology to significant resource issues of the marine environment. The certificate requirements assure a strong knowledge base in relevant biological disciplines, hands-on research experience on marine organisms and habitats, and an awareness of major problems and solutions of marine resource ecology now confronting science and society.

Prerequisites for the certificate program include: (1) completion of prerequisites required for the major in biological science (BSC 2010/L, 2011/L; CHM 1045/L, 1046/L; and (2) a 3.0 GPA or better in the 2000-level biological science core courses (BSC 2010/L and BSC 2011/L). Students enrolling in the program will be required to complete at least sixteen (16) semester hours of specified course work as described below, and must maintain a 3.0 GPA or better in courses used for the certificate. Students wishing to enter the program retroactively may do so by the first semester of their senior year at the latest.

The certificate offers internships, scholarships, and other instructor programs that provide unique professional development opportunities for students interested in this field. These opportunities allow students to work closely with scientists in a student/mentor relationship, or to attend remote training or study programs during the summer. Selection for scholarship awards is based on academic qualifications; demonstrated interest in fisheries ecology, marine biology, and zoology; and relevance to the applicant's biological and career interests. Additional information is available through the Academic Advising Office and the department's Institute for Fishery Resource Ecology. For more information about the certificate program and list of required courses, please contact the Academic Advising Office.

Honors in the Major

The Department of Biological Science offers a program in honors in the major to encourage talented juniors and seniors to undertake independent and original research as part of the undergraduate experience. For requirements and other information, see the "University Honors Office and Honor Societies" chapter of this General Bulletin.

FSU-Teach Program in Science Teaching

Students interested in secondary education science teaching should contact the Office of Secondary Science and/or Mathematics Teaching within the department. For more information, see that chapter of this General Bulletin.

For those also interested in teaching biology, FSU-Teach is an innovative approach to teacher education that involves a collaboration between scientists, mathematicians and education faculty at Florida State University.  In FSU-Teach, students will develop deep science or mathematics knowledge and the knowledge, skill and experience needed to be an effective science or math teacher.  The program will pay for tuition for the first two courses, and work study positions with scientists, mathematicians and local schools are available. For more information, see our website: http://FSU-Teach.fsu.edu.

Graduate Study

The Department of Biological Science offers work leading to the Master of Science (MS) and Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degrees; consult the Graduate Bulletin for details.

Requirements for a Minor in Biological Science

A minimum of twelve (12) semester hours of biological science courses approved for major credit, including BSC 2010/L and BSC 2011/L and one additional biology course that counts in the major (PCB 3063 recommended); a minimum of four (4) semester hours of the twelve (12) semester hours must be taken at Florida State University. Grades below "C–" will not be accepted for minor credit.

Definition of Prefixes

BCH—Biochemistry (Biophysics)

BOT—Botany

BSC—Biological Sciences

ISC—Interdisciplinary Sciences

MCB—Microbiology

PCB—Process Biology

PSB—Psychobiology

SCE—Science Education

ZOO—Zoology

Undergraduate Courses

Courses Not for Major or Minor Credit

BSC 1005. General Biology for Nonmajors (3). Four selected topics in contemporary biology.

BSC 1005L. General Biology Laboratory for Nonmajors (1). May be taken concurrently with lecture or subsequent to completion of lecture with passing grade.

BSC 1005C. General Biology for Nonmajors (4).

BSC 1056C. Underwater Environments of the Big Bend (3). (S/U grade only.) This journey into the unique and unusual ecosystem of North Florida features the area's underwater systems—rivers, springs, salt marshes, bays, and beaches. Saturday trips include Cypress Springs, Dixie County grass beds, Rainbow River, St. Joseph Bay, the Panama City Jetties, or other sites as conditions permit. This course requires swimming skills, plus snorkel, mask, and fins.

BSC 1058C. Coastal Environments of the Big Bend (3). (S/U grade only.) Explore marine life through classroom lectures and six field trips that will introduce a new ecological dimension to the way you view the marshes and beaches of the North Florida coast. Ocholockonee Bay, a local marine aquarium, the St. Marks National Wildlife Refuge, and Fiddler's Point are a part of the Saturday field trip itinerary.

BSC 2085. Anatomy and Physiology I (3). First of a two-semester human anatomy/physiology sequence emphasizing the cell, stimulus-response concept, and the skeletal-muscular and first half of the nervous systems.

BSC 2085L. Anatomy and Physiology I Laboratory (1). Corequisite: BSC 2085. Microscopic and gross anatomy of the human body. Physiology of muscle contractions and nerve signaling explored using computer simulated experiments.

BSC 2086. Anatomy and Physiology II (3). Prerequisite: BSC 2085 or instructor permission. Continuation of a two-semester human anatomy/physiology sequence beginning with the second half of the nervous system, then continuing with endocrine, cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, excretory, and reproductive systems. Also included are fluid-electrolyte balance and immunity.

BSC 2086L. Anatomy and Physiology II Laboratory (1). Corequisite: BSC 2086. Sensory and organ systems found in the human body. Physiology of the sensory and organ systems explored with lab activities and computer simulated experiments.

ISC 3076. Science, Technology, and Society (3). The role played by science and technology in American society is considered by examining the organization of the scientific enterprise, the realities of scientific life vs. portrayals of scientists in the media, how science is funded, its economic and its intellectual significance, dilemmas posed by progress in science and technology, and societal conditions under which science flourishes. This course cannot be used as credit toward a major or a minor in a science department. At least junior standing or permission of instructor is required.

MCB 2004. Microbiology for Health Services (3). Corequisite: MCB 2004L. Microbiology for students planning careers in the health services, with emphasis on infectious disease, food microbiology, and public health.

MCB 2004L. Microbiology for the Health Services Laboratory (1). Corequisite: MCB 2004. Microbiological techniques including the isolation, typing, and identification of bacteria, properties of pathogenic bacteria, and food microbiology.

PCB 2099. Human Physiology (3). A survey of the major systems and their regulation in normal function and disease in the human body.

SCE 4939r. Seminar in Contemporary Science, Mathematics, and Science Education (1). Presentations of contemporary and interesting issues in science, mathematics, or teaching methods. Content will vary from semester to semester. May be repeated to a maximum of four (4) semester hours.

Courses for Major Credit

Note: All 3000- and 4000-level biological science courses have the following minimum prerequisites: BSC 2010/L, 2011/L; CHM 1045/L and 1046/L. Additional prerequisites, if any, are included in the course listing.

Botany

BOT 3015. Plant Biology (2). Introduction to evolutionary relationships, natural history, ecological adaptations, and physiology of plants, fungi, autotrophic protista, and prokaryotes.

BOT 3015L. Plant Biology Laboratory (1). Corequisite: BOT 3015. Anatomy, development, and morphology and life cycles of autotrophs and fungi and other osmotrophs.

BOT 3143C. Field Botany (4). Introductory plant taxonomy with emphasis on laboratory and field study. Orientation to principles of identification, classification, and rules of botanical nomenclature.

BOT 3800. Elementary Botany: Plants and Man (3). Man's uses of plants, plant exploration and early history, plant geography, some basic botany.

BOT 4394. Plant Molecular Biology (3). Prerequisite: BOT 3015. Prerequisite or corequisite: PCB 3063. This course explores molecular biology and biotechnology of plant growth and development.

BOT 4503. Plant Physiology (3). Prerequisites: BOT 3015, CHM 2210, and PCB 3134 recommended. Introduction to the regulatory systems in plants.

BOT 4503L. Plant Physiology Laboratory (1). Prerequisite: BOT 3015. Corequisite: BOT 4503.

Biological Science

BSC 2010. Biological Science I (3). Prerequisites or corequisites: BSC 2010L, CHM 1045, and CHM 1045L. Basic chemistry, energetics, metabolism, and cellular organization; molecular genetics and information flow; animal and plant function.

BSC 2010L. Biological Science I Laboratory (1). Prerequisites or corequisites: CHM 1045 and CHM 1045L. Corequisite: BSC 2010. This laboratory furnishes tools and techniques used to visualize, quantify, and analyze biological phenomena, including experimental design and execution, recording of data, and graphic and statistical analysis of data.

BSC 2011. Biological Science II (3). Prerequisites: BSC 2010 and BSC 2010L. Reproduction and development, transmission (Mendelian) genetics, population biology, ecology, and evolution.

BSC 2011L. Animal Diversity Laboratory (2). Prerequisites: BSC 2010 and BSC 2010L. Introduction to animals, sponges, cnidarians, flatworms and pseudocoelomates, annelids, molluscs, arthropods, echinoderms, and chordates.

BSC 3052. Conservation Biology (3). The history of the conservation movement, the research on populations of animals and plants that is relevant to man's impact upon the environment, pollution in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, endangered species, government regulation, and sustainable development.

BSC 3312. Marine Biology (3). Marine geology, chemistry of the oceans, oceanic circulation, oceanographic techniques, the marine environment and marine life.

BSC 3402L. Experimental Biology Laboratory (2). Majors only. Methodology of biological experimentation, data analysis, and reporting using selected topics (see academic advising office for selected topics offered each semester).

BSC 3930. Seminar in Biological Frontiers (1). (S/U grade only.) Weekly seminar covering topics in biological research. Not repeatable for credit toward major requirements.

BSC 3938. Careers in the Biological Sciences (1). (S/U grade only.) This course is intended for biology sciences majors at any point in their undergraduate career, but is most beneficial to those in their first three years. Career options in biology-related fields (including health professions) and the preparation they require are presented for students planning to immediately enter the job market or to continue their academic careers upon graduation. Not repeatable for credit toward major requirements.

BSC 3949r. Cooperative Education Work Experience (0). (S/U grade only.)

BSC 4514. Aquatic Pollution Biology (3). Various aspects of environmental alteration from point and nonpoint sources on aquatic systems.

BSC 4613. Systematics (3). History of systematic theory; methods of phylogenetic analysis including distance, parsimony, and likelihood; classification of the diversity of life; the comparative method; analysis of within species variation.

BSC 4833C. Radiation Biology (3). Prerequisite: Instructor permission. Effects of ionizing radiation on biological systems at the cellular, molecular, organismal, organ, and environmental levels.

BSC 4900r. Directed Individual Study (1–4). Prerequisites: A combined 3.0 GPA in biology, chemistry, physics, math, and statistics courses applied to the major; permission from a biological-science instructor; and Department of Biological Science Advising Office permission. Special topic supervised study or research participation in the area of the faculty member's research. Graduate students may not register for this course. A maximum of six (6) semester hours may be applied to biological science major credit.

BSC 4931r. Senior Tutorial in Biological Science (1). (S/U grade only.) Prerequisite: Senior standing (90+ hours). Selected topics in contemporary biological science; maximum enrollment of five students in each tutorial. Repeatable one time to a maximum of two (2) semester hours credit which may be applied to biological science credit.

BSC 4933r. Selected Topics in Biological Science (1–4). Prerequisites: Courses as specified and junior or senior standing. May be repeated to a maximum of eight (8) semester hours credit.

BSC 4934r. Selected Topics in Applied Biology (1–4). (S/U grade only.) May be repeated to a maximum of eight (8) semester hours. Some sections are not for major credit.

BSC 4937. Seminar in Living Marine Resource Ecology (1). Prerequisite: Instructor permission. Seminar course in marine resource ecology designed to introduce students to a broad array of current research priorities and interests in marine ecology. Students will have the opportunity to meet with resource managers and scientists form both the biological and social fields. Lecture topics range from life history studies of marine fish to the economic consequence of marine policy.

BSC 4940. Research Internship in Marine Biology (3–9). Prerequisites: PCB 3043, junior or senior standing, 3.0 GPA in biology, a course in the area of research, and associate chair written permission. Special supervised study in marine biology at the National Marine Fisheries Services Laboratory in Panama City, the Mote Marine Laboratory, or other approved location. Students may receive up to nine (9) semester hours of credit, of which four (4) semester hours would apply to the biological science major. Offered during the summer only.

BSC 4945. Undergraduate Supervised Teaching (1). (S/U grade only.) Prerequisites: Senior standing and instructor permission. A maximum of one (1) semester hour may be applied to biological science major credit.

BSC 4970r. Honors Work in Biological Science (1–6). Prerequisite: Admission to the department's honors-in-the-major program. Participation in a supervised research problem. May be repeated to a maximum of nine (9) semester hours, of which six (6) semester hours may be applied to biological science major credit.

Microbiology

MCB 4403. Prokaryotic Biology (3) Prerequisites: CHM 2210 and PCB 3063. Corequisite: MCB 4403L. Structural and functional characteristics of microorganisms, with emphasis on prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea) and viruses. Topics include: prokaryotic cell structure and function, physiology and genetics of prokaryotes and viruses, physiological and molecular aspects of microorganisms and human disease, and biotechnological applications of microbial physiology (environmental, food, and industrial microbiology).

MCB 4403L. Prokaryotic Biology Laboratory (2). Prerequisites: CHM 2210 and PCB 3063. Corequisite: MCB 4403. Laboratory methods for growth, handling, and study of prokaryotes and other types of microorganisms. Topics include: aseptic technique and isolation of pure cultures; microscopic methods; effects of environment on growth; viruses; physiological characterization methods; and methods related to medical, environmental, and food microbiology.

Process Biology

PCB 3043. General Ecology (3). Population biology, population growth; community processes, succession, nutrient cycling and energy flow, species interactions, ecological efficiency, biogeographical ecology.

PCB 3063. General Genetics (3). Introduction to the principles of transmission and molecular genetics of procaryotes and eucaryotes and significance of these principles to other aspects of biological science.

PCB 3134. Cell Structure and Function (3). Cellular chemistry and physiology, morphology, and function of cellular organelles; cellular motility, growth, division, communication, and regulation.

PCB 3743. Vertebrate Physiology (3). Physiological systems of vertebrates with emphasis on mammals. Mechanisms underlying physiological processes and the physico-chemical principles upon which they depend.

PCB 4024. Molecular Biology (3). Prerequisites: PCB 3063 and PCB 3134 recommended. The molecular basis of cellular function with emphasis on the activities of DNA, RNA, and the regulation of gene expression.

PCB 4024L. Molecular Biology Laboratory (1). Corequisite: PCB 4024.

PCB 4233. Immunology (3). Prerequisites: CHM 2210, PCB 3063, PCB 3134, or instructor permission. Analysis of the tissues, cells, and molecules of the immune system and their relationships to disease and transplantation.

PCB 4233L. Laboratory in Immunology (1). Corequisite: PCB 4233.

PCB 4253. Animal Development (3). Prerequisite: PCB 3063. Discusses a number of topics, including fertilization, early embryonic events, organogenesis, differentiation, morphogenesis, cytoplasmic localization, determination, and differential gene expression.

PCB 4253L. Experimental Developmental Biology Laboratory (3). Prerequisites: BSC2011, BSC2011L, CHM1046, CHM1046L, AND PCB3063. Corequisite: PCB4253. This lab combines lecture and laboratory experiments regarding sea urchin fertilization, frog and chick early development, gene expression, cell-cell interactions, and metamorphosis.

PCB 4341C. Advanced Field Biology (3). Prerequisite: Instructor permission. Emphasis on conducting a series of ecological research projects in the field.

PCB 4674. Evolution (3). Prerequisites: PCB 3063 and senior standing (90+ hours). Emphasis on the processes of evolution: origin of life, theories of evolution, sources of variation, natural selection, population systems, isolating mechanisms, evolution above the species level.

PCB 4723. General and Comparative Animal Physiology (3). Prerequisite: CHM 2210. The physiological and biochemical interactions of animals with their respective environments. Emphasis on non-mammalian vertebrate and invertebrate systems.

PCB 4731L. Experimental Physiology (2). Prerequisite: A course in physics. Exploration of physiological mechanisms in nerve, muscle, heart, and central nervous systems, with emphasis on electrophysiological methods.

PCB 4843. Fundamentals of Neuroscience (3). Prerequisites: PCB 3134, PCB 3743, or PCB 4723. This course will emphasize cellular and molecular approaches to neuroscience and brain function and will emphasize simple model systems including invertebrates.

Zoology

ZOO 3205. Advanced Invertebrate Zoology (2). Prerequisite: PCB 3043 or PCB 3063 or ZOO 3713C or instructor permission. Corequisite: ZOO 3205L. Structure, function, behavior, and evolution of the invertebrate phyla, especially those taxa living in the sea.

ZOO 3205L. Advanced Invertebrate Zoology Laboratory (2). Prerequisite: PCB 3043 or PCB 3063 or ZOO 3713C or instructor permission. Corequisite: ZOO 3205. Laboratory deals with the structure, function, behavior and ecology of the invertebrate phyla, especially those taxa living in the sea.

ZOO 3713C. Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy (4). Emphasis on form and function and origin and evolution of structure.

ZOO 4204C. Biology of Higher Marine Invertebrates (5). Prerequisite: BSC 3312 or PCB 3043 or ZOO 3205 or ZOO 3205L. Biological specializations of crustaceans, mollusks, and echinoderms, including life history, behavior, ecology, biomechanics, and environmental adaptations.

ZOO 4343C. Biology of the Lower Vertebrates (4). Systematics, ecology, and evolution of fishes, amphibians, and reptiles.

ZOO 4353C. Biology of the Higher Vertebrates (4). Systematics, ecology, and evolution of birds and mammals.

ZOO 4513. Animal Behavior (4). The behavior of animals: modern perspectives.

ZOO 4753C. Histology (4). The microscopic anatomy and functions of the cells, tissues, and glands composing the organs and systems of humans.

ZOO 4823. Insect Biology (3). Morphology, classification, natural history, physiology, and evolution of insects.

ZOO 4823L. Insect Diversity of North Florida (2). Prerequisite: MAC 2311. Prerequisite or corequisite: ZOO 4823. Topics in this course include collection, keying, and curation of local insects.

Graduate Courses

Biochemistry

BCH 5886r. Special Topics in Biochemistry and Cell Biology (1–3).

BCH 5887r. Special Topics in Biochemistry and Cell Biology (1–3).

Botany

BOT 5938r. Selected Topics in Botany (1–4).

BOT 6936r. Seminar in Botany (2). (S/U grade only.)

Biological Science

BSC 5409. Biophysical Principles of Biological Techniques (3).

BSC 5900r. Directed Individual Study (1–12). (S/U grade only.)

BSC 5932r. Graduate Tutorial in Biological Science (1). (S/U grade only.)

BSC 5936r. Selected Topics in Biological Science (1–4).

BSC 5945r. Supervised Teaching (1–2). (S/U grade only.)

BSC 6921r. Colloquium in Biological Science (1). (S/U grade only.)

Microbiology

MCB 5408. Procaryotic Biology (3).

MCB 5505. Virology (3).

MCB 5936r. Selected Topics in Microbiology (1–4).

MCB 6936r. Seminar in Microbiology (2). (S/U grade only.)

Process Biology

PCB 5137. Advanced Cell Biology (3).

PCB 5345C. Advanced Field Biology (3).

PCB 5425. Population Ecology (3).

PCB 5447. Community Ecology (3).

PCB 5525. Molecular Biology (3).

PCB 5595. Advanced Molecular Biology (3).

PCB 5672. Evolution (3).

PCB 5675. Advanced Evolutionary Biology (3).

PCB 5747. Mammalian Physiology II (3).

PCB 5785. Biology of Muscle (3).

PCB 5795. Sensory Physiology (3).

PCB 5845. Cell and Molecular Neuroscience (4).

PCB 5936r. Selected Topics in Genetics and Cell Biology (1–4).

PCB 5937r. Selected Topics in Physiology (1–4).

PCB 5938r. Selected Topics in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology (1–4).

PCB 6936r. Seminar in Genetics and Cell Biology (2). (S/U grade only.)

PCB 6937r. Seminar in Physiology (2). (S/U grade only.)

PCB 6938r. Seminar in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology (2). (S/U grade only.)

Neuroscience

PSB 5057. Neuroscience Methods: Molecules to Behavior (2). (S/U grade only.)

PSB 5077. Responsible Conduct of Research (2). (S/U grade only.)

PSB 5341. Systems and Behavioral Neuroscience (4).

PSB 6070r. Current Problems in Neuroscience (2). (S/U grade only.)

PSB 6920r. Neuroscience Colloquium (1). (S/U grade only.)

PSB 6933r. Seminar in Neuroscience (1–2). (S/U grade only.)

Zoology

ZOO 5932r. Selected Topics in Marine Biology (1–4).

ZOO 5935r. Selected Topics in Zoology (1–4).

ZOO 6933r. Seminar in Marine Biology (2). (S/U grade only.)

ZOO 6934r. Seminar in Zoology (2). (S/U grade only.)

Secondary Science Teaching

ISC 5098. Reflective Science Teaching (2).

ISC 5525. Advanced Portfolio Design (1).

ISC 5535. Research in the Content Area for Teachers (6).

ISC 5944. Ethics, School Law, and Management of Science Classrooms (3).

ISC 5945. Full-Time Teaching Internship (9). (S/U grade only.)

ISC 5946. Half-Time Teaching Internship (6). (S/U grade only.)

ISC 8939. Portfolio Review (0). (S/U grade only.)

For listings relating to graduate course work for thesis, dissertation, and master's and doctoral examinations and defense, consult the Graduate Bulletin.

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